时间：05/25/2024 05/26/2024
地点：星湖禅修中心
主讲：Otto Huang
佛法修行
大师就说调伏欲贪
有一次，佛陀来到外祖父善觉王统治的天臂城游化，住在附近的一个释迦族村落中。
那时，同在天臂城附近，有一群来自西方的比丘，正打算返回他们的家乡安居，临行前，特别前来拜别佛陀。
佛陀问他们说：
「比丘们！你们向舍利弗辞别了吗？」
「还没，世尊！」
「那你们应当去向舍利弗辞别！比丘们，舍利弗是位修行淳熟，又能提携道友，对道友的修行有助益的人，去向他辞别，一定能令你们有所获益。」
「好的，世尊！」
这时，尊者舍利弗正坐在离佛陀不远处的一棵树下。
这一群西方比丘拜别了佛陀，就来尊者舍利弗处，他们向尊者舍利弗问讯顶礼后，说：
「舍利弗学友！我们打算回西方去安居，特地来向您辞别。」
「你们向世尊辞别了吗？」
「辞别了。」
「你们回到西方，会经过许多不同的国家，遇上许多不同族类的人，他们之中或许一些有智慧、有见识的人，会对你们的所修所学感兴趣，而问：
『你们的老师都教你们些什么呢？』
这时，你们要怎么回答，才能完整地将世尊的善于说法，你们所善于受持、观察、悟入的内容展现出来，而不致于让人误解了佛陀，或者让人问倒了呢？」
「舍利弗学友！我们老远来，就是特别要向您请益的啊！但愿您慈悲，为我们讲解吧！」
于是，尊者舍利弗说：
「学友们！如果有聪明的王族、婆罗门、地方仕绅、出家沙门来问你们：
『你们老师怎么说法？怎么教您们的呢？』
那么，应当这样回答：
『大师就教我们调伏欲贪！』
如果他们再进一步问：
『从哪里去调伏欲贪呢？』
你们应当回答：
『大师说，从色、受、想、行、识五蕴处调伏欲贪。』
如果他们问：
『欲贪会有什么问题吗？以致于要从五蕴处调伏它呢？』
你们应当回答：
『如果于五蕴不离贪、不离欲、不离爱、不离渴、不离念，一旦五蕴起了变异，那么人们就会因此而生起忧、悲、恼、苦、愁了。因为看见欲贪有这样的问题，所以要从五蕴处调伏欲贪。』
如果他们问：
『离欲贪有什么好处呢？值得从五蕴处调伏它？』
你们应当回答：
『如果于五蕴离贪、离欲、离爱、离渴、离念，一旦五蕴起了变异，也不会引生忧、悲、恼、苦、愁，离欲贪就有这样的好处。』
学友们！如果与不善法为伍的人，也能够当生得安乐而没有苦迫、障碍、热恼，死后还能生在人天善处之中，那么，世尊也不会赞叹断除不善法了。
学友们！如果具足诸善法的人，当生仍受苦迫、障碍、热恼，死后还会堕入恶道中，那么，世尊也不会赞叹具足诸善法了。
学友们！具足诸善法的人，不但能够当生得安乐；没有苦迫、障碍、热恼，死后还能生在人天善处中，所以，世尊会赞叹具足诸善法。」
听了尊者舍利弗的这番教说，比丘们都非常欢喜地受持了。
Date: 05/25/2024 05/26/2024
Location: Star Lake Meditation Center
Teacher: Otto Huang
Dharma Talk
The Master Speaks of Subduing Craving
Once, Buddha came to Tivarapura, ruled by his maternal grandfather King Suddhodana, staying in a Sakyan village nearby.
At that time, a group of monks from the west, planning to return to their homeland for the rains retreat, came to bid farewell to the Buddha.
Buddha asked them:
”Monks, have you bid farewell to Shariputra?”
”Not yet, World-Honored One!”
”Then you should bid farewell to Shariputra! Monks, Shariputra is well-practiced and capable of supporting fellow practitioners, benefiting their practice. Bidding him farewell will surely be beneficial for you.”
”Very well, World-Honored One!”
At that moment, the Venerable Shariputra was sitting under a tree not far from the Buddha.
After bidding farewell to the Buddha, the group of western monks went to Venerable Shariputra, greeted him respectfully, and said:
”Friend Shariputra! We are planning to return to the west for the retreat and have specially come to bid you farewell.”
”Have you bid farewell to the World-Honored One?”
”We have.”
”When you return to the west, you will pass through many countries and meet people of various types. Some wise and discerning individuals may take an interest in your teachings and ask:
’What did your teacher teach you?’
How will you answer to fully convey the Buddha’s teachings, which you have rightly received, contemplated, and penetrated, without misrepresenting him or being at a loss for words?”
”Friend Shariputra! We have come from afar especially to seek your advice. Please, out of compassion, explain to us!”
Thus, Venerable Shariputra said:
”Friends! If wise kings, Brahmins, local gentry, or renunciant monks ask you:
’How does your teacher preach? What does he teach you?’
You should answer:
’The Master teaches us to subdue craving.’
If they further inquire:
’From where do you subdue craving?’
You should answer:
’The Master says, subdue craving from the five aggregates: form, feeling, perception, formations, and consciousness.’
If they ask:
’Is there a problem with craving that it needs to be subdued from the five aggregates?’
You should answer:
’If one clings to the five aggregates with craving, attachment, love, thirst, and clinging, and when the aggregates change, people will then arise with sorrow, lamentation, pain, displeasure, and despair. Seeing such problems with craving, it should be subdued from the five aggregates.’
If they ask:
’What benefits does being free from craving bring? Is it worth subduing it from the five aggregates?’
You should answer:
’If one is free from craving, attachment, love, thirst, and clinging regarding the five aggregates, even when the aggregates change, they will not give rise to sorrow, lamentation, pain, displeasure, and despair. Being free from craving brings such benefits.’
Friends! If those who associate with unwholesome deeds could live comfortably without suffering, obstacles, or distress and be reborn in a good realm among humans or gods after death, then the World-Honored One would not praise the elimination of unwholesome deeds.
Friends! If those endowed with wholesome deeds still suffer, face obstacles or distress in life, and fall into a woeful state after death, then the World-Honored One would not praise being endowed with wholesome deeds.
Friends! Those endowed with wholesome deeds not only live comfortably without suffering, obstacles, or distress but also will be reborn in a good realm among humans or gods after death. Therefore, the World-Honored One praises being endowed with wholesome deeds.”
Hearing Venerable Shariputra’s teachings, the monks joyfully accepted them.
