时间：07/19/2025 07/20/2025
地点：星湖禅修中心
主讲：龙示林
打坐参禅
定与慧的关系
“定慧”是佛教修行中不可分割的两大核心：定（禅定、心的稳定与专注）让心安住不动；慧（智慧、如实观照）让心清明洞见真相。定与慧相辅相成，如鸟之双翼、车之双轮，有定则慧生，有慧则定固，是通向解脱的重要道路。
一、什么是“定”：让心安住不散乱
1. 心的专注与稳定
定让心不被外境牵动，不被念头左右。
2. 不受扰乱的沉静
定能让心安宁、柔软、深沉，进入内在的清凉。
3. 为智慧提供稳定的基础
只有心静下来，才能看清事物的真实面貌。
二、什么是“慧”：看清真相的洞见之力
1. 如实观照的能力
慧不是知识，而是直接体会到无常、苦、无我的真实。
2. 透过观察生起的觉悟
看见念头生灭、感受变动、执着的本质。
3. 破除妄想与错误认知
智慧让人不再被幻想和自我中心蒙蔽。
三、为什么“定”是“慧”的基础：静才能见真
1. 心动乱时无法生慧
如同水面波动时无法倒映天空。
2. 定让心专注于观察对象
使得观息、观身、观心、观法更加清晰。
3. 定能减少情绪、欲望与散乱
内心的杂念越少，洞见就越容易出现。
四、为什么“慧”能巩固“定”：明才能久安
1. 看到真相后，心自然更加稳定
理解无常后不再执着，定力自然持久。
2. 慧能让定不陷入昏沉与死定
智慧提醒修行者保持明觉，而非沉没。
3. 慧能防止定力退失
当心懂得法则，即使面临外境，也不容易动摇。
五、定与慧的互动：相生、相辅、不可分割
1. 有定生慧
心稳定后，观察才清晰。
2. 有慧护定
洞见增长后，定变得不费力、自然。
3. 定慧如灯与油
灯需要油才能明亮，油需灯才能发挥作用。
六、“定慧等持”：最终目标是平衡与融合
1. 定与慧同时增长
不是先修定再修慧，而是相互促进。
2. 禅修进入“观照中的安住，安住中的观照”
定中有慧、慧中有定。
3. 最终达到“明静并行”的境界
心既不散乱，也不昏沉，既能安住，又能洞察。
七、将定慧应用于生活：稳定与智慧的双重力量
1. 面对压力时用“定”止住混乱
安住呼吸或身体，让心不被情绪带走。
2. 面对选择时用“慧”判断因果
从因缘角度理解事物，不冲动、不盲动。
3. 在人际关系中结合定与慧
定让情绪不爆发，慧让沟通更柔软智慧。
总结
定让心安住，慧让心明亮；定是慧的土壤，慧是定的果实。
定慧互相成就，共同构成了修行中最重要的力量。
当定与慧同时增长，心便从混乱中获得稳固，从迷惑中获得洞见，从执着中获得自由。
Date: 07/19/2025 07/20/2025
Location: Star Lake Meditation Center
Teacher: Shilin Long
Sitting Meditation
The Relationship Between Concentration (Samādhi) and Wisdom (Paññā)
“Concentration and wisdom” are the two inseparable pillars of Buddhist practice. Concentration stabilizes the mind, while wisdom reveals the true nature of reality. Like two wings of a bird or two wheels of a cart, both must function together to lead toward liberation.
1. What Is Concentration (Samādhi): A Steady and Collected Mind
1. Stability and focus
Concentration keeps the mind from being pulled by thoughts or external stimuli.
2. Deep calm and tranquility
A collected mind becomes soft, peaceful, and clear.
3. The foundation for insight
Only a calm mind can see things as they truly are.
2. What Is Wisdom (Paññā): The Ability to See Clearly
1. Direct understanding
Wisdom is not theoretical knowledge but experiential insight into impermanence, suffering, and non-self.
2. Insight through observation
Seeing thoughts arise and dissolve, understanding emotional patterns, and recognizing the nature of clinging.
3. Freedom from delusion
Wisdom breaks false views and self-centered interpretations.
3. Why Concentration Is the Basis for Wisdom
1. A distracted mind cannot gain insight
Like turbulent water cannot reflect the sky.
2. Concentration supports clear observation
Breath, sensations, and thoughts become easier to examine.
3. Reduced defilements
Less craving, anger, and restlessness allow wisdom to arise naturally.
4. Why Wisdom Strengthens Concentration
1. Understanding leads to stability
Knowing the nature of reality reduces clinging, making concentration effortless.
2. Wisdom prevents “dead concentration”
Insight keeps the mind bright, not dull or sunken.
3. Wisdom protects the mind from distraction
Recognizing causes and conditions reduces emotional turbulence.
5. Mutual Interaction: Concentration and Wisdom Support Each Other
1. Concentration gives rise to wisdom
A stable mind sees more clearly.
2. Wisdom reinforces concentration
Clear understanding keeps the mind steady.
3. Like lamp and oil
The lamp needs oil to burn; oil needs a lamp to shine.
6. The Ideal State: Samādhi and Paññā in Balance
1. They develop together
Not sequentially, but mutually and simultaneously.
2. Insight within calmness, calmness within insight
Meditation becomes both stable and penetrating.
3. A bright and steady mind
Neither scattered nor dull—both tranquil and insightful.
7. Applying Concentration and Wisdom in Daily Life
1. Use concentration to calm emotional storms
Return to breathing or bodily awareness during stress.
2. Use wisdom to make wise choices
Understanding causes and consequences reduces impulsiveness.
3. Use both in relationships
Calmness softens reactions; wisdom deepens understanding.
Conclusion
Concentration stabilizes the mind; wisdom illuminates it.
Concentration is the soil, wisdom the fruit.
Together, they form the complete path toward clarity, freedom, and deep inner peace.
When both grow side by side, the mind becomes truly unshakeable and awakened.
