时间：04/05/2025 04/06/2025
地点：星湖禅修中心
主讲：龙示林
佛法知识
十善业道
十善业道，是佛教中对“如何善用身、口、意”的系统性总结。它并非一套外在的道德清单，而是一种对生命运行规律的深刻洞察。所谓“业”，并不是神秘的力量，而是行为、语言与心念在因果网络中的持续作用；所谓“善”，并非绝对的道德标签，而是指那些能够减少扰乱、增进安稳、引向清明的心行与行为。十善业道，正是引导生命走向稳定与觉悟的十条清晰路径。
从根本上说，十善业道建立在一个朴素却深刻的事实之上：生命的质量，取决于我们如何使用身、口、意。身体的行为、言语的表达、内心的动机，并非彼此独立，而是相互影响、层层递进。混乱的心，容易产生失控的言行；而清明的心，则自然引导身口趋向善行。十善业道，正是从这三方面同时着手，形成一个完整的修行结构。
在身体层面，十善业道强调不杀生、不偷盗、不邪淫。这三者并不是单纯的行为限制，而是对生命关系的重新校准。不杀生，是对一切生命脆弱性的体认，也是对暴力心态的止息；不偷盗，是对界限的尊重，帮助人从匮乏感中走出；不邪淫，则是让欲望回到清醒与责任之中，不再制造关系的撕裂。当身体行为趋于温和与正直，内心自然减少粗重的紧张与不安。
在语言层面，十善业道提出不妄语、不恶口、不两舌、不绮语。语言并非中性的工具，而是极具力量的心行延伸。妄语破坏信任，使心分裂；恶口激化对立，使嗔恨滋长；两舌制造隔阂，使关系破裂；绮语消耗觉知，使心流于散乱。当言语开始承担真实、善意与节制的责任，人与人之间的空间便会变得更安全，内心也更容易整合。
在意业层面，十善业道尤为关键，却常被忽视。不贪、不嗔、不痴，直指一切业力的源头。贪，使心永远处于“还不够”的状态；嗔，使心在对立中燃烧；痴，则使人看不清因果与现实。意业并不直接显现于外，却持续塑造行为与语言的方向。若不在意业上用功，身口的修正便难以持久。十善业道在此揭示：真正的修行，必须回到心。
需要特别理解的是，十善业道并非要求人立刻成为“完美善人”。它更像一张方向图，而非一份成绩单。修行十善，并不是为了评判自己或他人，而是为了在每一次偏离时，知道如何回到更清明的方向。哪怕只能减少一点点贪嗔痴，业的走向便已经开始改变。
在现实生活中，十善业道并不脱离社会，也不否定复杂的人性。它并不是让人压抑冲动，而是训练在冲动出现时多一个觉察的空间；不是让人远离关系，而是让关系少一些伤害、多一些真实。十善业道之所以被称为“道”，正因为它是一条可持续行走的路，而非一次性的道德表现。
从修行整体来看，十善业道是通向更深修行的稳固基础。若身口意持续制造混乱，定难以生起，慧也无从展开；而当十善逐渐成熟，内心便具备了承载禅定与智慧的条件。因此，十善并不是初级或可有可无的内容，而是贯穿整个修行过程的核心结构。
最终，十善业道的意义，并不在于“善业本身”，而在于它如何改变生命的走向。当身口意不再不断制造后悔、冲突与自我消耗，心便获得了真正的空间。在这样的空间中，安稳得以生起，智慧得以展开，解脱才不再只是抽象的概念。
因此，十善业道并不是宗教化的道德说教，而是一套极其现实、可验证的生命实践原则。它教人如何在日常生活中，逐步减少苦因，培育清因，让生命从无意识的惯性中，慢慢转向清醒与自由。
Date: 04/05/2025 04/06/2025
Location: Star Lake Meditation Center
Teacher: Shilin Long
Dharma Knowledge
The Ten Wholesome Courses of Action
The Ten Wholesome Courses of Action represent Buddhism’s systematic guidance on how to use body, speech, and mind skillfully. They are not a rigid moral checklist, but a profound observation of how life functions. “Karma” here does not refer to a mystical force, but to the ongoing influence of actions, words, and intentions within a web of causes and conditions. “Wholesome” does not signify moral absolutism, but those patterns that reduce disturbance, foster stability, and incline the mind toward clarity. The Ten Wholesome Courses of Action point out ten clear directions for a life moving toward balance and awakening.
At their core, these ten courses rest on a simple yet deep truth: the quality of life depends on how we employ body, speech, and mind. Physical actions, verbal expressions, and mental intentions are not separate domains; they shape and reinforce one another. A confused mind easily gives rise to unskillful speech and action, while a clear mind naturally guides behavior in a constructive direction. The Ten Wholesome Courses of Action address all three dimensions together, forming an integrated framework for practice.
On the level of bodily action, the ten courses emphasize refraining from killing, stealing, and sexual misconduct. These are not merely behavioral prohibitions, but recalibrations of how one relates to life and others. Refraining from killing reflects recognition of the fragility shared by all living beings and a restraint of violent tendencies. Refraining from stealing respects boundaries and helps loosen the grip of inner scarcity. Refraining from sexual misconduct allows desire to remain connected with clarity and responsibility, preventing relational harm. When bodily conduct becomes gentler and more upright, the mind naturally carries less tension and unrest.
On the level of speech, the ten courses include refraining from false speech, harsh speech, divisive speech, and idle chatter. Speech is not a neutral tool; it is a powerful extension of mental states. False speech erodes trust and fragments the mind. Harsh speech intensifies hostility and anger. Divisive speech creates distance and conflict. Idle chatter dissipates awareness and scatters attention. When speech becomes aligned with truthfulness, kindness, and restraint, interpersonal space becomes safer and the mind more integrated.
On the level of mind, the ten courses reach their deepest point: the abandonment of greed, anger, and delusion. These mental tendencies lie at the root of all unwholesome karma. Greed keeps the mind perpetually dissatisfied. Anger burns the mind in opposition. Delusion obscures understanding of reality and causality. Though mental actions are less visible, they continually shape the direction of speech and behavior. Without working at this level, external restraint cannot endure. The Ten Wholesome Courses of Action clearly indicate that genuine practice must return to the mind.
It is essential to understand that the Ten Wholesome Courses of Action do not demand immediate perfection. They function more like a compass than a report card. Practicing them is not about judging oneself or others, but about knowing how to return to a clearer direction whenever one strays. Even a small reduction in greed, anger, or confusion already shifts the trajectory of karma.
In everyday life, the Ten Wholesome Courses of Action do not require withdrawal from society or denial of human complexity. They do not suppress impulses, but cultivate a moment of awareness when impulses arise. They do not distance one from relationships, but reduce harm and increase honesty within them. They are called “paths” precisely because they are meant to be walked continuously, not displayed as moral achievements.
From the perspective of the broader path, the Ten Wholesome Courses of Action form a stable foundation for deeper cultivation. When body, speech, and mind continually generate disturbance, concentration cannot stabilize and wisdom cannot unfold. As these ten wholesome patterns mature, the mind gains the capacity to sustain deeper clarity and insight. For this reason, they are not preliminary or optional, but a structural core of the entire path.
Ultimately, the significance of the Ten Wholesome Courses of Action does not lie in “wholesomeness” as an abstract virtue, but in how they redirect the course of life. When body, speech, and mind cease to generate constant regret, conflict, and self-exhaustion, the mind gains genuine space. Within that space, calm arises, insight develops, and liberation becomes conceivable rather than theoretical.
Thus, the Ten Wholesome Courses of Action are not religious moralism, but a highly practical and verifiable set of principles for living. They show how, in daily life, one can gradually reduce the causes of suffering and cultivate the causes of clarity, allowing life to move from unconscious habit toward awareness and freedom.
